RESUMO
The present study used the indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT) to determine the seroprevalence of Sarcocystis neurona, Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora spp., and evaluated the variables associated with these infections among 506 apparently healthy horses, reared in the south of the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. This study was conducted between April 2012 and October 2013. Among the horses, the true prevalence of S. neurona was 26% (95% CI: 22.0-30.4%), T. gondii 19.9% (95% CI: 15.5-24.8%) and Neospora spp. 23.9% (95% CI: 19.9-28.1%); and among the farms, 88.3% (95% CI: 74.4-91.6%), 71.6% (95% CI: 41-92.8%) and 85% (95% CI: 70.7-96.1%), respectively. Regarding mixed infection, 17 horses (3.4%) were seropositive for both S. neurona and T. gondii, 16 (3.2%) for T. gondii and Neospora spp. and 14 (2.8%) for S. neurona and Neospora spp. The associations between seropositivity and variables relating to the structure of the farm, management and health were analyzed using the logistic regression analysis, through the generalized estimating equations (GEE). The results suggest that the south of Minas Gerais is an enzootic area for S. neurona, T. gondii and Neospora spp. among horses, with prevalence of asymptomatic subclinical or chronic infections.
Assuntos
Coccidiose/veterinária , Doenças dos Cavalos/epidemiologia , Sarcocistose/veterinária , Toxoplasmose Animal/epidemiologia , Animais , Anticorpos Antiprotozoários , Brasil/epidemiologia , Coccidiose/epidemiologia , Técnica Indireta de Fluorescência para Anticorpo/veterinária , Doenças dos Cavalos/microbiologia , Doenças dos Cavalos/parasitologia , Cavalos , Neospora , Sarcocystis , Sarcocistose/epidemiologia , Estudos Soroepidemiológicos , ToxoplasmaRESUMO
Abstract The present study used the indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT) to determine the seroprevalence of Sarcocystis neurona, Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora spp., and evaluated the variables associated with these infections among 506 apparently healthy horses, reared in the south of the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. This study was conducted between April 2012 and October 2013. Among the horses, the true prevalence of S. neurona was 26% (95% CI: 22.0-30.4%), T. gondii 19.9% (95% CI: 15.5-24.8%) and Neospora spp. 23.9% (95% CI: 19.9-28.1%); and among the farms, 88.3% (95% CI: 74.4-91.6%), 71.6% (95% CI: 41-92.8%) and 85% (95% CI: 70.7-96.1%), respectively. Regarding mixed infection, 17 horses (3.4%) were seropositive for both S. neurona and T. gondii, 16 (3.2%) for T. gondii and Neospora spp. and 14 (2.8%) for S. neurona and Neospora spp. The associations between seropositivity and variables relating to the structure of the farm, management and health were analyzed using the logistic regression analysis, through the generalized estimating equations (GEE). The results suggest that the south of Minas Gerais is an enzootic area for S. neurona, T. gondii and Neospora spp. among horses, with prevalence of asymptomatic subclinical or chronic infections.
Resumo Este estudo determinou, pela reação de imunofluorescência indireta (RIFI), a soroprevalência de Sarcocystis neurona, Toxoplasma gondii e Neospora spp., e avaliou as variáveis associadas com a infecção, em 506 equinos, aparentemente sadios, criados no Sul de Minas, Brasil. O estudo foi realizado no período de abril de 2012 a outubro de 2013. Entre equinos, a prevalência verdadeira para S. neurona foi de 26% (IC 95%= 22,0-30,4%); para T. gondii de 19,9% (IC 95%= 15,5-24,8%); e para Neospora spp. de 23,9% (IC 95%= 19,9-28,1%); e entre propriedades, 88,3% (IC 95%= 74,4-91,6%), 71,6% (IC 95% = 41-92,8%), e 85% (IC 95%= 70,7-96,1%), respectivamente. Em relação à infecção mista, 17 (3,4%) equinos foram soropositivos para S. neurona e T. gondii, 16 (3,2%) para T. gondii e Neospora spp., e 14 (2,8%) para S. neurona e Neospora spp. A associação entre soropositividade e variáveis relacionadas à estrutura da propriedade, manejo e sanidade, foi analisada, utilizando-se a análise de regressão logística estimada por Generalized Estimating Equations (GEE). Os resultados sugerem que o Sul de Minas é área enzoótica para S. neurona, T. gondii e Neospora spp. em equinos, com predomínio de infecções subclínicas ou crônicas, assintomáticas.
